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Analysis of medieval walloon toponyms in Romania and Serbia
Bučko, Peter ; Ungureanu, Dan (advisor) ; Našinec, Jiří (referee)
This paper examines toponyms of Walloon origin in the area of today's Romania and Serbia, especially in the regions of the former Kingdom of Hungary. Walloons emigrated to Hungary mainly because of economic reasons, but here the important role played the popular devotion in the 11th century and the importance of pilgrim sites (Jerusalem or Santiago de Compostela). Number of pilgrimage has increased since 1018, when the route leading through Hungary to Jerusalem was openend. Large number of Walloons setteld in Hungary at this time. Present-day Wallonia in the Middle Ages belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. In the 11th century, as elsewhere in Western Europe, there was a famine and lack of land. Walloons have found their new home in Hungary, they were engaged in viticulture and trade. They also often named the new locations by the home sites of Wallonia. In Romania, the Walloon sites were situated near Oradea and Sibiu. Walloons have created a specific phenomenon - the fortified churches. Many Walloons also received a noble title. In the area of Serbia we are located Walloon settlements in Srem, especially speaking about the cities of Francavilla and Eng. Based on the tithes paid for the Papal Curia from 1332-1337 we can reconstruct demographic data.
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"The Gypsy Scourge!" Creation and Implementation of Anti-Gypsy Measures in interwar Czechoslovakia and After, 1918-1941
Baloun, Pavel ; Himl, Pavel (advisor) ; Sadílková, Helena (referee) ; Zimmermann, Volker (referee)
On December 22, 1926, an opening ceremony of the so-called Gypsy school was held in Uzhhorod, the capital of the Czechoslovak administration in Carpathian Ruthenia. Czech officials who gave talks pointed out pedagogical significance of the established institution which they described as unique and exceptional "experiment". The creation of a special school for children of those inhabitants who were labelled as "Gypsies" on the territory which was annexed by Czechoslovakia only later after the First World War and which in the contemporary imagination represented specific, "backward" region of the newly established state, served to consolidate the legitimacy of the First Republic as a democratic, progressive, modern, liberal state which belonged to the developed and civilized West. More than a half year later, on July 14, 1927, representatives in the Czechoslovak Parliament in Prague passed the Act No. 117/1927 on Wandering Gypsies. The development of this law was related to an immense interest of the contemporary media in "Gypsies" which was encouraged by the arrest of approximately twenty "Gypsies" from a village located in East Slovakia. They were charged of numerous robberies and murders. In contrast to the situation shortly after the First World War when the central Czechoslovak authorities...
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Eastern Uzh varieties of North Central Romani
Beníšek, Michael ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Adamou, Evangelia (referee) ; Tenser, Anton (referee)
The dissertation provides a grammatical description of a cluster of Romani varieties, called 'Eastern Uzh Romani', which are spoken in Transcarpathian Ukraine in an area adjacent to the Slovak border. These varieties are associated with five traditional locations, two of which are situated in the city of Uzhhorod, representing an eastern margin of a North Central Romani dialect continuum. The focus is not only on describing the common characteristics of the entire Eastern Uzh dialect, but also on highlighting its variation with respect to specific features of the individual varieties. The description is based on first-hand data collected during numerous fieldwork trips of the author between 2007 and 2016. The dissertation is organised into thirteen chapters. Alongside the proper grammatical description, it provides a detailed overview of the speakers' historical, ethnocultural and sociolinguistic background. The main attention is given to describing inflectional, derivational as well as functional patterns of word classes. In addition, it discusses issues of phonology, including historical phonology within the North Central Romani context, and also covers various syntactic structures.
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Vend Romani: Grammatical Description and Sociolinguistic Situation of the so-called Vend dialects of Romani
Bodnárová, Zuzana ; Elšík, Viktor (advisor) ; Halwachs, Dieter W (referee) ; Adamou, Evangelia (referee)
The thesis provides a detailed grammatical and lexical description of Vend Romani, an under- described dialect of Romani spoken in the Transdanubian region of Hungary, and describes its current sociolinguistic situation. The linguistic data are based on recordings of spontaneous narratives, semi-structured interviews, and linguistic elicitation by means of standardized dialectological questionnaires acquired during linguistic field research. The thesis is structured into six main chapters: The first chapter deals with the sources of data and methods. The second chapter examines the factors that influence the sociolinguistic vitality of the dialect. The following three chapters are devoted to the grammatical description. The sixth chapter analyses the layers of borrowings in Vend Romani. The thesis also includes the basic vocabulary of Vend Romani translated to English.
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Analysis of medieval walloon toponyms in Romania and Serbia
Bučko, Peter ; Ungureanu, Dan (advisor) ; Našinec, Jiří (referee)
This paper examines toponyms of Walloon origin in the area of today's Romania and Serbia, especially in the regions of the former Kingdom of Hungary. Walloons emigrated to Hungary mainly because of economic reasons, but here the important role played the popular devotion in the 11th century and the importance of pilgrim sites (Jerusalem or Santiago de Compostela). Number of pilgrimage has increased since 1018, when the route leading through Hungary to Jerusalem was openend. Large number of Walloons setteld in Hungary at this time. Present-day Wallonia in the Middle Ages belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. In the 11th century, as elsewhere in Western Europe, there was a famine and lack of land. Walloons have found their new home in Hungary, they were engaged in viticulture and trade. They also often named the new locations by the home sites of Wallonia. In Romania, the Walloon sites were situated near Oradea and Sibiu. Walloons have created a specific phenomenon - the fortified churches. Many Walloons also received a noble title. In the area of Serbia we are located Walloon settlements in Srem, especially speaking about the cities of Francavilla and Eng. Based on the tithes paid for the Papal Curia from 1332-1337 we can reconstruct demographic data.
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Linguistic Representation of the National Stereotypes in Czech Media and the Application of Cognitive Aspects in teaching Czech
Vlasáková, Zuzana ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee) ; Holanová, Radka (referee)
Résumé This thesis under the title Linguistic Representation of National Stereotypes in Czech Media and the Application of Cognitive Aspects in Teaching Czech deals with which national stereotypes (about Romani, Vietnamese and Russians) are present in the samples selected from Czech media and how these stereotypes are linguistically represented. The paper is based on the presumption that despite the principle of political correctness present in most of the journalists' code of ethics, it is not possible to avoid some manifestations of shared fixed images of nationalities (called stereotypes) in media. Furthermore, we argue that the media image of the world is based on the Linguistic Image of the World. The theoretical basis of the cognitive linguistics, especially the Prototype/Stereotype Theory and categorization as the way of understanding and assorting the world, were the main methodological sources. There is a chapter on each analysed national group that depicts the means of its categorization and lists the particular categories that ensued from the analysis, as well as the stereotypes that were discovered in the surveyed sample. This thesis also deals with the application of aspects of cognitive linguistics in Czech language lessons (not only), as well as the possibilities of working with national...
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The mutual influence of Romani, Spanish and the other languages of the Iberian Peninsula.
Krinková, Zuzana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee) ; Buzek, Ivo (referee)
The language contact of the inflectional Romani and Spanish, Catalan and other languages of the Iberian Peninsula began in the first half of the 15th century. A long- term and immediate contact between Romani and a language of the majority in several places of Europe resulted in emergence of so called Para-Romani varieties, mixed languages which predominantly make use of the grammar of the surrounding language, whereas the Romani-derived vocabulary is at least partly retained. In the Iberian Peninsula several Para-Romani varieties emerged. The process of their phonological, morphological and lexical evolution from the inflectional Iberian Romani is described in the first part of this thesis. The original form of the Iberian Romani of the 15th century was - according to our opinion - similar to so called early Romani of the Byzantine period that is supposed to end by the 14th century when the Romani language started to disperse throughout Europe. The influence of Spanish (and other languages of the Iberian Peninsula) is evident not only in the morphology and syntax, but also in phonology and semantics of the Iberian Para-Romani varieties. On the other hand, the Romani elements conserved in these varieties show archaic features as well as specific innovations and many of them can hardly be assigned...
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Romany phraseology in chosen texts
Koptová, Martina ; Červenka, Jan (advisor) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
The work describes the character of phraseology of the so-called Slovak Romani in the selected literary texts and in the light of this description, tries to find answers to the basic problems of Romani phraseology. Special attention is paid primarily to the following fields: identification of phraseologisms, description of properties, categorization, problems with translation, and specification of the vitality of phraseologisms. The work is based on theoretical conclusions made by prominent Slovak and Czech linguists found in its first part. The second part of the work is dedicated to the classification and description of excerpted phraseologisms. Each phraseologism is fitted with the following information: meaning, examples of application, variants, synonyms, antonyms, and Slovak and Czech phraseological equivalents. The work tests how well-known and lively the phraseologies excerpted from literature are by comparing their frequency of occurrence in the language of native speakers and by questionnaire research found in the third part. The focal point of the work is represented by authentical examples of how each phraseologism is used both in literature and colloquial Romani. These later may be used for compilation of a phraseological dictionary.
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Linguistic Representation of National Stereotypes in Czech Media
Vlasáková, Zuzana ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
Résumé This diploma thesis under the title Linguistic Representation of National Stereotypes in Czech Media deals with which stereotypes about three chosen nationalities - Romani, Vietnamese and Russians - are present in the selected sample selected from Czech media and how they are linguistically represented. The paper is based on the presumption that despite the principle of political correctness present in most of the journalese code of ethics, it is not possible to avoid some manifestations of shared fixed images of nationalities (called stereotypes) in media. Next, we argue that the media image of the world is based on the Linguistic Image of the World. The theoretical basis of the cognitive linguistics, especially the Prototype/Stereotype Theory and categorization as the way of understanding and assorting the world, were the main methodological sources. There is a chapter on each analysed national group that depicts the means of its categorisation and lists the particular categories that ensued from the analysis as well as the stereotypes that were discovered in the surveyed sample. Key words: Romani, Vietnamese, Russians, stereotypes, categorization, cognitive linguistics, media
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